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发表于 2013-6-18 06:57
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引用爱因斯坦对于宗教的一些认识:
首先,我想先不去问宗教是什么,而宁愿问,一个我认为是信仰宗教的人,他的志向有哪些特征:在我看来,一个人受了宗教感化,他就是已经尽他的最大可能从自私欲望的镣铐中解放了出来,而全神贯注在那些因其超越个人的价值而为他所坚持的思想、感情和志向。我认为重要的在于这种超越个人的内涵的力量,在于对它超过一切的深远意义的信念的深度,而不在于是否曾经企图把这种内涵同神联系起来,因为要不然,佛陀和斯宾诺莎就不能算是宗教人物了。所以,说一个信仰宗教的人是虔诚的,意思是说,他并不怀疑那些超越个人的目的和目标的庄严和崇高;而这些目的和目标是既不需要也不可能有理性基础的。但是它们的存在同他自已的存在是同样必然的,是同样实实在在的。在这个意义上,宗教是人类长期的事业,它要使人类清醒地、全面地意识到这些价值和目标,并且不断地加强和扩大它们的影响。如果人们根据这些定义来理解宗教和科学,那末它们之间就不可能升起什么冲突了。
At first, then, instead of asking what religion is I should prefer to ask what characterizes the aspirations of a person who gives me the impression of being religious: a person who is religiously enlightened appears to me to be one who has, to the best of his ability, liberated himself from the fetters of his selfish desires and is preoccupied with thoughts, feelings, and aspirations to which he clings because of their super-personal value. It seems to me that what is important is the force of this super-personal content and the depth of the conviction concerning its overpowering meaningfulness, regardless of whether any attempt is made to unite this content with a divine Being, for otherwise it would not be possible to count Buddha and Spinoza as religious personalities. Accordingly, a religious person is devout in the sense that he has no doubt of the significance and loftiness of those super-personal objects and goals which neither require nor are capable of rational foundation. They exist with the same necessity and matter-of-factness as he himself. In this sense religion is the age-old endeavor of mankind to become clearly and completely conscious of these values and goals and constantly to strengthen and extend their effect. If one conceives of religion and science according to these definitions then a conflict between them appears impossible. |
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