(转)中国古代官职称谓，你知道几个？

老兵日志 发表于 2016-9-13 19:08

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<tbody><tr><td><p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;padding:0px 0px 5px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-color:rgb(239, 112, 96);text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><span style="font-size:36px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #ff0000,0 1px 4px #ff0000,0 -1px 4px #ff0000,-1px 0 4px #ff0000;filter:glow(color=#ff0000,strength=3)">中国古代官职称谓，你知道几个？ 
<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">转<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">自<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">微<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">信<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">号--<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:bold;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">国学精粹与生活艺术 
<span style="font-size:24px;font-weight:normal;font-family:微软雅黑;display:inline-block;color:white;text-shadow:1px 0 4px #0c0c0c,0 1px 4px #0c0c0c,0 -1px 4px #0c0c0c,-1px 0 4px #0c0c0c;filter:glow(color=#0c0c0c,strength=3)">国学精粹与生活艺术编辑：午一吾语 
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:10px;margin-bottom:10px;padding:0px 0px 5px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted;border-color:rgb(239, 112, 96);text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">前言
中国历史悠久，朝代众多，各种官职称谓也是多不胜数，很多时候看电视或者看书的时候都会遇到各种官职称谓，可能很多时候不知道那些称谓都什么意思，现小编将我们历史中出现率比较高的官职称谓汇集到一起，供大家参考。

<div style="text-align:center"><span data-brushtype="text" style="margin:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;border-color:rgb(239, 112, 96);color:inherit;font-size:18px;letter-spacing:2px;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important;font-weight:bold">中国古代官职称谓</div>
<img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184222c5whb5n5bud14x4y.jpg" style="width:500px;height:700px"> 
太子太傅.张居正
▲
<p style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:5px 10px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;clear:both;min-height:1em;white-space:pre-wrap;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:2px;border-color:rgb(12, 137, 24);text-align:center;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:break-word !important">【三公】
1<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">中国古代朝廷中最尊显的三个官职的合称。周代已有此词，西汉今文经学家据《尚书大传》、《礼记》等书以为三公指司马、司徒、司空。古文经学家则据《周礼》以为太师、太傅、太保为三公。汉武帝时，在经学的推动下，丞相、御史大夫和太尉被合称为三公。伺候，三公便逐渐只用在加官或者追赠时，成为了一种尊贵的虚衔。张居正八个虚衔中最有一个便是太子太师衔。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184217t266mqg662zn6wxs.jpg" style="width:500px;height:662px"> 廷尉.张汤（影视） 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">▲
【九卿】2<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">1、太常(秦与汉初为奉常)长官宗庙祭祀和国家之礼
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">2、光禄勋(秦与汉初为郎中令)掌管宫殿中的警卫
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">3、卫尉，掌管宫门的警卫
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">4、太仆，掌管皇帝车马
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">5、廷尉，掌管司法条例和审判工作
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">6、大鸿胪(秦典客，汉景帝改大行令，武帝改定)，掌管外交和少数民族事物。
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">7、宗正，掌管皇族、宗室事物。
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">8、大司农(秦治粟内史，汉景帝改大农令，武帝改定)掌管粮食和财政支出。
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">9、少府，掌管专供皇室使用的山海池泽的税务工作。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【司寇】3<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">司寇，西周始置，位次三公，与六卿相当，与司马、司空、司士、司徒并称五官，掌管刑狱、纠察等事。各诸侯国亦置此官，职掌同周，楚、陈等国称司败。后世也用作刑部尚书的别称。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184217eex6ti3tfeueeyu3.jpg" style="width:500px;height:699px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">令尹.黄歇（战国四公子之春申君）
【令尹】4<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">令尹是楚国在春秋战国时代的最高官衔，是掌握**事务，发号施令的最高官，其执掌一国之国柄，身处上位，以率下民，对内主持国事，对外主持战争，总揽军政大权于一身。令尹主要由楚国贵族当中的贤能来担任，且多为芈姓（熊氏、若敖氏、薳氏、屈氏、昭氏、景氏、彭氏）之族，亦有少数外姓之人为令尹（吴起、黄歇、李园），实不多见。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【大夫】5<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">古代的一种官位名称，春秋战国时，臣子按等级分为卿、大夫、士三级。大夫可享有封底，且职位可以世袭。隋唐后，大夫成为高级官阶的统称，清朝时，高级文级官职称大夫，武职称将军。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【士大夫】6<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">旧时即可指官吏，又可指声望、地位较高的知识分子。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184218jynr4b2uftirzvto.jpg" style="width:500px;height:292px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">左徒.屈原
【左徒】7<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">左徒，是周朝楚国特有的官名，中原诸侯国无。史记载春申君与屈原曾任左徒。《史记·楚世家》：“楚考烈王以左徒为令尹，封以吴，号春申君。”，又《史记·屈原贾生列传》：“屈原者，名平，楚之同姓也，为楚怀王左徒。……入则与王图议国事，以出号令；出则接遇宾客，应对诸侯。”后人亦以左徒作为屈原的别称。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【上卿】8<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">春秋战国时期，诸侯国都有卿，分上、中、下级。上卿相当于宰相，位在大夫之上。《左传·成公三年》：“次国之上卿，当大国之中，中当其下，下当其上大夫。小国之上卿，当大国之下卿，中当其上大夫，下当其下大夫。”
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184218mz99x96qqskktbnd.jpg" style="width:500px;height:589px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">颜真卿.太师
【太师】9<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">太师分两种，一种曾为“三公“之一，后多为大官加衔的虚职，表示恩宠。另一种是“东宫三师”（太子太师、太子太傅、太子太保）
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【太傅】10<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">即使古代“三公”之一，又是“东宫三师”之一。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【侍中】11<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">侍中，古代职官名。秦始置，是列侯以下至郎中的加官，没有定员，为丞相之史，以其往来东厢奏事，故谓之侍中；西汉时又为正规官职外的加官之一，文武大臣加上侍中之类名号可入禁中受事；西汉武帝以后，地位渐高，等级直超过侍郎；魏晋以后，侍中往往成为事实上的宰相；唐宋该职得以沿置以至元；元以后废止。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184218aond05ps2rbripdb.jpg" style="width:500px;height:626px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">宰相.王安石
【宰相】12<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">一个很宽泛的官职称号，在中国历史上，凡是担任辅助国君处理政务的最高官职的人都可称为宰相。
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">三省：中书省、门下省、尚书省。隋唐时，三省同为最高政务机构，一般中书省管决策，门下省管审议，尚书省管执行，三省的长官都是宰相。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">右佥都御史.海瑞（影视）
【御史】13<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">御史，先秦时期，天子、诸侯、大夫、邑宰皆置，是负责记录的史官、秘书官。秦以后设置御史大夫，其权力仅次丞相，主管纠察官员过失等。如韩愈曾担任监察御史，海瑞曾担任南京右佥都御史。
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【太尉】14<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">辅佐皇帝的最高武馆，汉代称大司马，宋代定为最高一级武官，至元代被废除。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">参知政事.范仲淹
【参知政事】15<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">又简称“参政”，是唐宋时期最高政务长官之一，与同平章事、枢密使、框密副使合称“宰执”。唐制以中书令、侍中、尚书仆射之外他官任宰相职，给以“参知政事”等名义。以参知政事为副宰相。简称“参政”。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">军机大臣.左宗棠
【军机大臣】16<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">清朝时负责辅佐皇帝处理政务的必要机构，始称"办理军机大臣"，后来又改为"军机处大臣上行走"、"军机大臣上学习行走"，简称"军机大臣"，俗称"大军机"，雅称"枢臣"，是军机处的官职之一。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">文华阁大学士.纪晓岚（影视）
【学士】17<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">学士，即文学之士的简称。明清之前大多是主管典礼、编纂、撰述或者皇帝的侍讲、侍读，还有的草拟奏令，参与机密。宋代的学士是个虚衔，专门为那些需要礼遇的大臣或文学之士而设。明、清两代则殿阁学士实际上有着与宰相相当的职权。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">刑部尚书.刘统勛（刘墉之父）
【尚书】18<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">尚书：六部最高行政长官，初为掌管文书奏章的官员，隋唐三省六部制的形成和兴盛期，唐在隋的基础上将六部确定。
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">六部：吏部 ( 管官吏的任免与考核等，相当于现在的组织部 ) 
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">户部 ( 管土地户口、赋税财政等 ) 礼部( 管典礼、科举、学校等 ) 
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">兵部 ( 管军事，相当于现在的国防部 ) 
<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">刑部 ( 管司法刑狱，相当于现在的司法部 )
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【散骑常侍】19<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">魏晋以后所设官职，合汉代“散骑”及“常侍”两职之官名。为皇帝亲信，跟随皇帝左右，以备皇帝顾问，地位颇为尊崇。宋代不常置，金元以后废除。
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【太子洗马】20<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">秦汉时设置，清末废。起初是太子的侍从官，负责辅佐太子，教太子**、文理等。后来逐渐演变成专职掌管书记文件的官员。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">右丞相枢密使.文天祥
【枢密使】 21<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">管理军国要政的最高国务机构之一的枢密院的长官，始置于唐后期，以宦官充任，五代时改由士人充任，后又逐渐被武臣所掌握，办事机构也日益完善，枢密使把军政大权握于一己之手以便宜从事，枢密使的职掌范围扩大到了极限。到了宋代，枢密使制又发生了变化，其任职者由五代时的武将逐渐转为以文官担任，职权范围逐步缩小。宋代以后改由大臣担任，权利与宰相一般，清代军机大臣往往被尊称为“枢密”。
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【经略使】22<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">经略使一职为临时性的差遣。金末，曾在被蒙古军攻破各路设经略使，总理一方军政。元初，曾以史天泽为河南经略使。顺帝至正十八年(1358)，以中书参政普颜不花等为经略使，赴江南各省督察军律。明清两朝，凡遇有重要军务时即特设经略，统理一省或数省军务，职位高于总督，事毕即罢。清中叶后不设此职。
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【节度使】23<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">唐初沿北周及隋朝旧制，重要地区置总管统兵，旋改称都督，惟朔方仍称总管，边州别置经略使，有屯田州置营田使。唐代开始设立的地方军政长官。因受职之时，朝廷赐以旌节，故称“节度使”。《资治通鉴》第二百一十卷唐纪二十六有载:唐睿宗景云元年(公元710年)，丁酉，以幽州镇守经略节度大使薛讷为左武卫大将军兼幽州都督，节度使之名自讷始。景云二年，贺拔延嗣为凉州都督充河西节度使，节度使开始成为正式的官职。节度使相当于现在的军区书记和司令职位。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">刺史.白居易
【刺史】24<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">原为巡察官名，东汉以后成为州郡最高军政长官，有时称为太守。唐.白居易曾任杭州、苏州刺史，柳宗元曾任柳州刺史。
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【太守】25<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">也称“郡守”，州郡最高行政长官。
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<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184220d0n0bz00zfn38xt7.jpg" style="width:500px;height:351px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">**第一任巡抚.刘铭传（影视）
【巡抚】26<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">明初指京官巡察地方，清代正式成为总揽一省行政军事长官，地位略次于总督。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【都督】27<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">参见“经略使”条。军事长官或领兵将帅的官名，有的朝代地方最高长官亦称“都督”，相当于节度使或州郡刺史。如《梅花岭记》：“任太守民育及诸将刘都督肇基等皆死。”刘肇基是驻地方卫所的军事长官。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【总督】28<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">清代地方最高行政长官
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184220hiraexda28rx8bko.jpg" style="width:500px;height:382px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">知府（影视）
【知府】29<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">知府，即“太守”，又称“知州”。《登泰山记》：“是月丁未，与知府朱孝纯子颍由南麓登。”
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【郎中】30<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">战国时指宫廷侍卫。从唐至清以来指尚书、侍郎一下的高级官员，分掌各司事物。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【长史】31<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">最早设于汉代，当时丞相和将军幕府皆设有长史官，相当于现在的秘书长或幕僚长，将军下的长史亦可领军作战。品级高下视所属机构而异，从三品至七品不等。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【侍郎】32<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">侍郎初为宫廷近侍，地位次于尚书。东汉以后，成为尚书的属官，初任称郎中，满一年称尚书郎，三年称侍郎。自唐以后，中书、门下二省及尚书各部的副职，相当于现在的部长、副部长级别。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【参军】33<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">参军，“参谋军务”的简称，最初是丞相的军事参谋，如《出师表》所说的参军蒋琬，晋代以后地位渐渐变低，多事诸王、将军的幕僚。隋唐以后慢慢变成了地方官员。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【都尉】34<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">都尉是秦汉时代重要的中高级武官，职位仅次于将军。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【校尉】35<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">两汉时期次于将军的官职。如《赤壁之战》：“以鲁肃为赞军校尉。”鲁肃当时担任协助主帅周瑜规划军事的副将。唐以后地位渐低。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【司马】36<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">司马，战国时是掌管军政、军赋的副官，隋唐时是州郡太守的属官。
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【抚军】 37参见“巡抚”条。《促织》：“乃赏成，献诸抚军。”抚军大悦，以金笼进上。”又称作“抚臣”，如“诏赐抚臣名马衣缎”。
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【左右拾遗】 38唐代谏官名。唐武则天时置，分属门下、中书两省。其职掌和左、右补阙相同。北宋时改为左、右正言，后随设随罢。
【宫廷内侍】39<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">又称太监太史、记史，管文书。
 
<img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184220txdqtu4qcbs1qcq6.jpg" style="width:500px;height:292px"> ▲
县令（周星驰.影视）
【县令】 40<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">县一级行政长官，又称“知县”。《孔雀东南飞》：“还家十余日，县令遣媒来。”
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【教头】 41<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">宋代军中教练武艺的军官，《水浒传》中的林冲就是京城八十万禁军的枪棒教头。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184220xqvre7a7ahsvmcsq.jpg" style="width:500px;height:365px"> ▲
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">提辖.鲁智深
【提辖】5442<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">宋代州郡武官的官名，主管训练军队、督捕盗贼等事务。如《水浒传》中的鲁提辖鲁智深。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【从事】43<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">中央或地方长官自己任用的僚属，又称“从事员”。《赤壁之战》：“晶其名位，犹不失下曹从事。”
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【里正】4444<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">古代的乡官，即一里之长。如《促织》：“令以责之里正。”
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【里胥】45<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">管理乡里事务的公差。《促织》：“里胥狡黠，假此科敛丁口。”
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【博士】46<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;white-space:normal;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">战国时期，专门教授诸子、诗赋、术数、方技等科目的教官的官名。秦朝有诸子、诗赋等博士，汉朝有五经博士。唐朝有太学博士、太医博士、律学博士等，都是教授官。明、清时，仍然设有此官职，国子博士和太常博士，还有孔孟及如家诸族的世袭官五经博士。
 
<img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184221n3ny3jacoqnk2o0c.jpg" style="width:500px;height:626px"> ▲
国子监祭酒
<p style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:5px 10px;max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;clear:both;min-height:1em;white-space:pre-wrap;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:2px;border-color:rgb(166, 91, 203);text-align:center;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:break-word !important">【国子监祭酒】
47<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-align:justify;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">中国古代的最高学府是国子监，中央教育机构，主管这些最高学府的教育行政长官就是祭酒，与现在的大学校长相似。战国时荀子就曾三次当人稷下学官的祭酒。唐代的韩愈、明代的崔铣也都担任过国子监祭酒。
 
【学政】48<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">学政是“提督学政”的简称，由朝廷委派，主持各省院试及督查当地教育情况的官员。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"><img alt="图片" src="http://www.hitow.net/data/attachment/album/201609/13/184221cxu5id90s5i7xvh7.jpg" style="width:500px;height:382px"> 太史.司马迁
【太史】49<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">西周、春秋时为地位很高的朝廷大臣，掌管起草文书、策命诸侯卿大夫、记载史事，兼管典籍、历法、祭祀等事。后来职位渐低，秦朝称太史令，汉朝属太常，掌天文历法。司马迁就做过太史令。
<p style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;color:rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;widows:1;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important"> 
【太医】50<p data-brushtype="text" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;padding:0px;max-width:100%;clear:both;min-height:1em;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;box-sizing:border-box !important;word-wrap:break-word !important">周代为主管医务政令的医师，秦、汉两代设太医令丞。魏晋南北朝沿袭汉初时的设置属于少府。隋设太医署，宋改称太医局，元改太医院，明代沿袭。后泛指专为皇室治病的医生。

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笑傲江湖--古典音乐 
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<div style="text-align:center">老兵制作
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中画网's Archiver

(转)中国古代官职称谓，你知道几个？