国人最易误解的十大文史常识

逸轩发表于 2015-7-16 17:52

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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(192,0,0); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">【导读】：<SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; FONT-SIZE: 14px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(192,0,0); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,0)">中国历史源远流长，文化自然也博大精深。古人的很多东西，在当今人们的理解运用中，已经发生了诸多改变。是对是错？是曲是直？我们也不需争辩，今天给大家盘点十个中国人最易误解</BLOCKQUOTE>
 
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-LEFT-WIDTH: 0px; BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; FONT-SIZE: 15px; MAX-WIDTH: 600px; BORDER-TOP: 0px solid; FONT-FAMILY: 微软雅黑; BORDER-RIGHT: 0px solid; WHITE-SPACE: normal; BORDER-BOTTOM: 0px solid; COLOR: rgb(89,89,89); PADDING-BOTTOM: 12px; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; PADDING-TOP: 12px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; LINE-HEIGHT: 25px; PADDING-RIGHT: 5px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,240); MARGIN-RIGHT: auto">
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">1.“淑女”“美女”大不同
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; FONT-SIZE: 14px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   “窈窕淑女，君子好逑。”之所以称为君子的好配偶，当然是要符合“君子”的审美标准。在古代，人们评价女子，讲究“美心为窈，美状为窕”。所以“窈窕淑女”不仅仅指的是貌美，更重要的是心美。 
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">      只有内外兼修，达到内在美和外在美的和谐统一，才能成为君子的好配偶。**发展了，美女多了，可是淑女少了。美女变成一种大众资源，淑女倒成了濒危物种，实在可叹！
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    古人有很多第一人称的代词，譬如吾、余、予、我，但在社交场合或者是公共场合，真正自称为“我”、“吾”、“余”的，却是少之又少。在古代，公开自称“我”、“余”甚至会被大家讥为不懂礼仪。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   据考证，至少从晋朝开始，各级官僚已经不习惯于用第一人称代词来指代自己了，他们热衷于自称“下官”来显示自己的谦卑。唐人虽然旷达，但在相互交往之时依然羞于自称“我”，而是用略显青涩的“小生”来指代自己。宋朝则再进一步，那时的官僚喜欢自称“卑职”，普通人则更愿意自称“晚生”。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">3.不耻下问向谁问
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   在现实生活中，有些人在学习和工作过程中一遇到问题就去请教别人，开口就是“这个问题有些复杂，我只好不耻下问来了”。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   明明是不懂，还要搬出来这个词，用错了也不知道。一个人有不懂的问题向别人请教，既然自己的学问比不上别人，又何谈“不耻下问”呢？在交往中，千万注意别犯这种错误。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">4.“美轮美奂”房屋好
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   “美轮美奂”这一成语出于《礼记·檀弓下》：“晋献文子成室，晋大夫发焉。张老曰：美哉轮焉！美哉奂焉！”轮，盘旋屈曲而上，引申为高大貌；奂，鲜明，盛，多。美：赞美；郑玄注：“轮，言高大。奂，言众多。”
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    美轮美奂，形容房屋高大华美，多用于赞美新屋。不能任意扩大范围，运用到非建筑类的事物中去。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">5.“丰碑”自古不是碑
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    碑本来指的是没有文字的坚石或桩，其主要作用有三：一是立于宫庙前以观日影、辨时刻。二是竖于宫庙大门内拴牲口。三是古代用以引棺木入墓穴。最早的碑上有圆孔，施轳辘以绳被其上，引以入棺也，亦即下棺的工具（和现在工地上上楼板所用的叼板机的工作原理很相似）。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    古时往往用大木来引棺入墓，这大木的特定称呼就是“丰碑”。秦代以前的碑都是木制的，汉代以后才改用石头。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">6.切勿乱抛“橄榄枝”
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    有关“橄榄枝”的典故，出自《圣经·旧约·创世纪》的第八章。为了摸清洪水泛滥的情况，诺亚放出鸽子去试探。当时世界上一片汪洋，鸽子无法落地，便又飞回方舟。七天以后，诺亚再次放飞了鸽子。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   等到晚上，鸽子飞回来了，嘴里还叼着一片橄榄叶，诺亚由此获知地上的洪水已退。后来，人们便把橄榄枝作为和平的象征。双方交战，一方求和，便可说“伸出橄榄枝” 。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">7.“七月流火”非天热
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   “七月流火”语出《诗经·国风·豳风》：“七月流火，九月授衣。”诗中，七月并非公历七月，而是指农历。如果换算为公历，那就是相当于八九月份。“火”是指大火星，大火星并不是我们通常所说的火星。火星是太阳系中的一颗行星，而大火星则是恒星。它是天蝎座里最亮的一颗星，中国古代称之为心宿二。它是一颗着名的红巨星，放出火红色的光亮。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   “流”指的是西沉，就是向西边落下。我们的祖先早在几千年前就已经观察到，每年的夏末秋初，这颗红色的巨星就会落向夜空的西边，也就是把这种天象变化当作天气将逐渐转凉的征兆。所以，“七月流火”不是指七月份的天气热得像流火，而是指天气日渐转凉。
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">8.问鼎没有拿第一
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   鼎是我国青铜文化的代表，在古代被视为立国重器，是国家和权力的象征。鼎又是旌功记绩的礼器。直到现在，中国人仍然有一种鼎崇拜的意识，“鼎”字也被赋予“显赫”、“尊贵”等特殊意义。
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   问鼎“的典故出《左传·宣公三年》，说的是楚庄王率军来到洛阳，在周天子眼皮底下检阅军队。周定王派大夫王孙满去慰劳，楚庄王借机询问周鼎的大小轻重，遭到王孙满的斥责。王孙满说：”政德清明，鼎小也重；国君无道，鼎大也轻。周王朝定鼎中原，权力天赐。鼎的轻重不当询问。“楚庄王问鼎，大有欲取周王朝而代之的意思。”
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">9.“衣冠禽兽”原是褒义
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">   “衣冠禽兽”一语来源于明代官员的服饰。据史料记载，明朝规定，文官官服绣禽，武官官服绘兽。品级不同，所绣的禽和兽也不同，具体的规定是：文官一品绣仙鹤，二品绣锦鸡，三品绣孔雀，四品绣云雁，五品绣白鹇，六品绣鹭鸶，七品绣鸳鸯，八品绣黄鹂，九品绣鹌鹑。
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">    武官一品、二品绘狮子，三品绘虎，四品绘豹，五品绘熊，六品、七品绘彪，八品绘犀牛，九品绘海马。文武官员一品至四品穿红袍，五品至七品穿青袍，八品和九品穿绿袍。所以，当时“衣冠禽兽”一语是赞语，颇有令人羡慕的味道。
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<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: normal; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; COLOR: rgb(73,68,41); PADDING-BOTTOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 30px; MARGIN: 0px auto; MIN-HEIGHT: 1.5em; LINE-HEIGHT: 2em; PADDING-RIGHT: 30px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(238,236,225)"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; FONT-SIZE: 24px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; FONT-STYLE: normal; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"><SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 24px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">10.“倒”的只能是“楣”<SPAN style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,112,192); PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">      很多人误把“倒楣”作“倒霉”。倒楣一词约于明末出现，当时科举成为读书人出人头地的唯一门路。虽然明朝已有相对完善的监考制度，但照样无法阻止舞弊之风。
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px"> 
<P style="BOX-SIZING: border-box !important; WORD-WRAP: break-word !important; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; MAX-WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; MIN-HEIGHT: 1em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.5em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px">     为求吉利，有的考生家考前在自家门前竖起一根旗杆，以此为考生打气壮行，时人称之为楣。</BLOCKQUOTE>
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中画网's Archiver

国人最易误解的十大文史常识